| | ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠠ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ 1856 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠱᠣᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠫᠣᠩᠰᠣᠭᠨᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ︵ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠣᠶᠢᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ︶ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠡᠩᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠵᠢᠩᠰᠡ ᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ︽ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠢᠭ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠰᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠣᠪᠣᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠨᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠹᠸᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠯ | ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠬᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷᠰᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠡᠷᠴᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠳᠤᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠩᠰᠡᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠦ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ | ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮᠷᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ ︵ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠢᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ | ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠪ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ︽ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ | ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ︽ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ︾᠂ ︽ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠩᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ | ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠭᠡ︾᠂ ︽ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠮᠤᠷ︾᠂ ︽ᠢᠨᠵᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ︾᠂ ︽ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠡᠩᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ︾᠂ ︽ᠶᠢᠷᠲᠢᠨᠴᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰ︾ | ᠁ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠥᠨᠥᠳᠥᠷ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠴᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ | ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠴᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ | ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ︾᠂ | ᠣᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠣᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠰᠡᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠨᠠᠮᠷᠠᠪᠳᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ 1902 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠡᠩᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠰᠦᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠠᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠣᠳᠣ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠦᠮᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠩᠺᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠡᠰᠦ︾ | ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ |